1 in 100 u.s. adults behind bars, new study says

For the first time in the state's history, more than one in 100 American adults is buttocks bars, according to a new study.

Nationwide, the prison house population grew by 25,000 last year, delivery it to about 1.6 million. Another 723,000 people are in local jails. The figure of American adults is about 230 1000000, meaning that one in every 99.1 grownup is buttocks bars.

captivity rates are even higher for some grouping. One in 36 Spanish American adults is buttocks bars, based on justness Department fig for 2006. One in 15 black grownup is, too, as is one in nine black men betwixt the ages of 20 and 34.

The study, from the Pew centre on the States, also found that only one in 355 white women betwixt the ages of 35 and 39 are buttocks bars but that one in 100 black women are.

The study's methodological analysis differed from that used by the justness Department, which calculates the captivity rate by using the total population rather than the adult population as the denominator. Using the section's methodological analysis, about one in 130 Americans is buttocks bars.

Either way, said Susan Urahn, the centre's managing director, "we aren't truly getting the tax return in populace safety from this level of captivity."

But Paul Cassell, a law prof at the University of Utah and a former federal judge, said the Pew study considered only half of the cost-benefit equation and overlooked the "very tangible benefits — lower crime rates."

In the past 20 years, according the Federal soldier Bureau of probe, violent crime rates fell by 25 percentage, to 464 for every 100,000 people in 2007 from 612.5 in 1987.

"While we surely want to be smart about who we put into prisons," Professor Cassell said, "it would be a mistake to think that we can release any significant number of prisoners without increasing crime rates. One out of every 100 adults is behind bars because one out of every 100 adults has committed a serious criminal offense."

Urahn said the nation cannot afford the incarceration rate documented in the report. "We tend to be a country in which incarceration is an easy response to crime," she said. "Being tough on crime is an easy position to take, particularly if you have the money. And we did have the money in the '80s and '90s."

Now, with fewer resources available, the report said, "prison costs are blowing a hole in state budgets." On average, states spend almost 7 percent on their budgets on corrections, trailing only healthcare, education and transportation.

In 2007, according to the National Association of State Budgeting Officers, states spent $44 billion in tax dollars on corrections. That is up from $10.6 billion in 1987, a 127 increase once adjusted for inflation. With money from bonds and the federal government included, total state spending on corrections last year was $49 billion. By 2011, the report said, states are on track to spend an additional $25 billion.

It cost an average of $23,876 dollars to imprison someone in 2005, the most recent year for which data were available. But state spending varies widely, from $45,000 a year in Rhode Island to $13,000 in Louisiana.

The cost of medical care is growing by 10 percent annually, the report said, and will accelerate as the prison population ages.

About one in nine state government employees works in corrections, and some states are finding it hard to fill those jobs. California spent more than $500 million on overtime alone in 2006.

The number of prisoners in California dropped by 4,000 last year, making Texas's prison system the nation's largest, at about 172,000. But the Texas legislature last year approved broad changes to the corrections system there, including expansions of drug treatment programs and drug courts and revisions to parole practices.

"Our violent offenders, we lock them up for a very long time — rapists, murderers, child molestors," said John Whitmire, a Democratic state senator from Houston and the chairman of the state senate's criminal justice committee. "The problem was that we weren't smart about nonviolent offenders. The legislature finally caught up with the public."

He gave an example.

"We have 5,500 D.W.I offenders in prison," he said, including people caught driving under the influence who had not been in an accident. "They're in the general population. As serious as drinking and driving is, we should segregate them and give them treatment."